In this article the authors discuss the fundamental differences, from a Singapore law perspective, in how creditors might be treated in the insolvency of a real estate investment trust (REIT) compared to the insolvency of a company and explore some possible structures and mechanisms which might enable a REIT and its creditors to restructure or wind up a REIT synthetically. (In the UK, a REIT is a UK company limited by shares, with separate legal personality, so the issues raised in this article do not apply to UK based REITs).
1 JAN 2023In the current geopolitical climate, sanctions are increasingly used as a foreign policy tool and can have significant implications for contractual obligations in international trade. In Kuvera Resources Pte Ltd v JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. [2023] SGCA 28, the Singapore Court of Appeal held that a confirming bank could not deny payment to the beneficiary of two letters of credit (LCs) on the ground that its confirmations of the LCs included a contractual clause (Sanctions Clause) extinguishing the confirming bank’s liability as the underlying commercial transaction was allegedly caught by the sanctions laws of the US.
1 JAN 2024